Leucaena Leucocephala
Leucaena leucocephala, commonly known as leucaena, is a small fast-growing mimosoid tree native to southern Mexico and northern Central America (Belize and Guatemala). It is now naturalized throughout the tropics including parts of Asia. The tree is used for a variety of purposes, such as fencing, soil fertility, firewood, fiber, and livestock fodder. The legume provides an excellent source of high-protein cattle fodder. However, the fodder contains mimosine, a toxic amino acid. Horses and donkeys which are fed it lose their hair. In many cases this acid is metabolized by ruminants to goitrogenic DHP [3-hydroxy-4 (1H) pyridone] in the rumen, but in some geographical areas, ruminants lack the organisms (such as Synergistes jonesii) that can degrade DHP. In such cases, toxicity problems from ingestion of Leucaena have sometimes been overcome by infusing susceptible animals with rumen fluid from ruminants that possess such organisms, and more recently by inoculating cattle rumina with such organisms cultured in vitro. Such measures have facilitated Leucaena use for fodder in Australia and elsewhere.
- Plant leucaena in well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. The soil pH should be between 6 and 6.5.
- Leucaena requires a sunny location that is sheltered from strong winds.
- Water the plants regularly, especially during dry spells. Leucaena doesn’t like to be waterlogged, so make sure the soil drains well.
- Fertilize the plants every two weeks with a balanced fertilizer that contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
- Prune the plants regularly to remove dead or damaged leaves and to promote new growth.
- Protect the plants from pests such as aphids, mealybugs, and spider mites by using insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Here are the step-by-step instructions to grow and care for Leucaena leucocephala:
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